Mudflow Maps
Creates maps specifically focused on mudflow simulations, illustrating areas prone to mudflow events based on FLO-2D outputs.
Site Characteristics
Static layers describing the physical and geometric properties of the model domain. These maps provide the terrain framework governing mudflow routing, confinement, and accumulation.
Ground elevation
\(\qquad\) TOPO.DAT - Grid element, x- and y-coordinates, and
their elevations (ft or m).
Basic
Primary hydraulic outputs for mudflow simulations. These layers describe depth, velocity, and water surface conditions that control mudflow extent and momentum.
Maximum Depth
\(\qquad\) DEPTH.OUT - Maximum combined channel/floodplain flow
depths (ft or m).
Maximum Velocity
\(\qquad\) VELFP.OUT - Maximum floodplain flow velocity (ft/s or
m/s).
Maximum Velocity Vectors
VELFP.OUT - Maximum floodplain flow velocity (ft/s
or m/s).VELDIREC.OUT - Flow maximum velocity direction
(flow directions 1 to 8).Maximum WSE
\(\qquad\) MAXWSELEV.OUT - Maximum water surface elevation of
either the floodplain or channel (ft or m).
Final Depth
\(\qquad\) FINALDEP.OUT - Final floodplain flow depths (ft or
m). Channel not included.
Final Velocity
\(\qquad\) FINALVEL.OUT - Flow velocity at the end of the
simulation (ft/s or m/s). Channel not included.
Final Velocity Vectors
FINALVEL.OUT - Flow velocity at the end of the
simulation (ft/s or m/s).FINALDIR.OUT - Flow final velocity direction at the
end of the simulation.Derived
Secondary metrics calculated from basic mudflow hydraulic results. These layers combine depth and velocity to represent mudflow intensity and destructive potential.
Depth x Velocity
\(\qquad\) VEL_X_DEPTH.OUT - Maximum of velocity times depth for
each floodplain element (ft²/s or m²/s).
Time
Time based indicators showing when critical mudflow conditions occur. These maps support analysis of mudflow onset, peak timing, and progression.
Time to 1 ft (0.3 m)
\(\qquad\) TIMEONEFT.OUT - The initial time to one foot of depth
(hrs).
Time to 2 ft (0.6 m)
\(\qquad\) TIMETWOFT.OUT - The initial time to two feet of depth
(hrs).
Time to Max
\(\qquad\) TIMETOPEAK.OUT - The time of occurrence of the
maximum depth (hrs).
Channel
Hydraulic conditions within channel elements during mudflow events. These maps are used to assess channel confinement and conveyance of debris laden flows.
Maximum Channel Depth
\(\qquad\) DEPCH.OUT - Maximum channel flow depths (ft or m).
Maximum Channel Velocity
\(\qquad\) VELOC.OUT - Maximum channel flow velocity (ft/s or
m/s).
Final Channel Depth
\(\qquad\) DEPCHFINAL.OUT - Final channel flow depths (ft or m).
Final Channel Velocity
\(\qquad\) VELCHFINAL.OUT - Final channel flow velocities (ft/s
or m/s).
Mudflow
Mudflow specific outputs describing sediment concentration and rheological behavior. These layers characterize the spatial distribution and evolution of mudflow material.
Maximum Sediment Concentration
\(\qquad\) CVFPMAX.OUT - Floodplain fluid maximum sediment
concentration by volume (vsed/vtotal).
Final Sediment Concentration
\(\qquad\) FINALCVFP - Final floodplain mudflow sediment
concentration by volume (vsed/vtotal).
Structures
Outputs describing the interaction between mudflows and engineered structures. These maps support evaluation of levee performance under mudflow loading.
Levee Deficit
\(\qquad\) LEVEEDEFIC.OUT - Levee freeboard deficit.
Definition:
0, freeboard > 3 ft
1, 2 ft < freeboard < 3 ft
2, 1 ft < freeboard < 2 ft
3, freeboard < 1 ft
4, levee overtopped
Hydraulic
Advanced hydraulic force and energy metrics. These layers quantify pressures, forces, and energy levels relevant to structural loading during mudflow events.
Specific Energy
\(\qquad\) SPECENERGY.OUT - Maximum specific energy for a
floodplain grid element (ft or m).
Static Pressure
\(\qquad\) STATICPRESS.OUT - Spatially variable static force per
linear foot for each floodplain element (lbf/ft or N/m).
Impact Force
\(\qquad\) IMPACT.OUT - Impact force per linear foot of
structure on the floodplain (lbf/ft or N/m).